Reverse Logistics & SCM – Scope and Advantages
Supply Chain Management is concerned not only with the flow of raw materials and finished goods, but scope extends beyond this to include reverse flow of unsold finished goods, parts and packaging materials from the point of consumption at customer’s end back to the organization or to rework/refurbishing vendors. Today reverse logistics has been adopted…
Benefits of Foreign Investment to Target Countries
Foreign Investment is more stable than fund inflows In recent years, “hot money” or speculative capital has flown into many developing countries leading to their stock markets becoming overvalued. Foreign direct investment on the other had is more stable because the foreign businesses setup physical infrastructure as well as due to the fact that many…
Top Five Challenges Facing the Chinese Economy
The Chinese economic prowess is second to none. They have certainly pulled off an economic miracle since Mao Zedong began unleashing his tough policies on the people. The transformation was painful. However, as a result, China has become a global economic behemoth, a power to be feared. It is the second largest economy in the…
Why Companies Engage in International Business
To Expand Sales The first and foremost reason is that western multinationals would like to expand their sales and acquire newer markets so that they can record impressive growth rates. Considering the fact that the developing countries are peopled with consumers who have aspirations to western lifestyles, it is, but natural that the western companies…
Contract Logistics RFQ Process
Outsourcing of core Logistics function of Warehousing is fast becoming popular not only for Multi National Companies with global operations but all organizations in medium and small sector too. Outsourcing may fall into two categories. One category would be the flow through warehouses, merging and distribution centers that are but a consolidation points in the…
Converting Data to Information: The goal of a six sigma project is not to produce an overwhelming amount of data that ends up intimidating the concerned people. The goal is to find out as much data as possible and convert it into meaningful information that can be used by the concerned personnel to make meaningful decisions about the process. However for that one needs to learn how to statistically deal with huge amounts of data.
Data primarily needs to be understood for its two characteristics viz central tendency and dispersion. Data tends to be centred around a point known as average. The degree to which it is spread out from that point is also important because it has an important bearing on the probability. It is for this reason that we use the following characteristics to make sense of the data involved:
Measures of Central Tendency: Different types of data need different measures of central tendency. Some of the important measures, commonly used are as follows:
Measures of Dispersion: The degree of spread determines the probability and the level of confidence that one can have on the results obtained from the measures of central tendency. Common measures of dispersion are as follows:
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